Sprinkler irrigation is an irrigation method that uses pump pressurization or natural water head to transport irrigation water to the field through a sprinkler system. The water is evenly sprayed on farmland by sprinklers to supply water for the normal growth of crops. Sprinkler irrigation technology is the main form of large-scale mechanized solutions for efficient water-saving irrigation and fertilization of field crops, lawns, vegetables and economic forests. With the rapid development of science and technology as well as irrigation and fertilization equipment, sprinkler irrigation technology has become a modern agricultural production technology system integrating irrigation, fertilization and automated management.

There are many forms of sprinkler irrigation systems, and different classification methods are available according to different classification criteria. If classified based on the mobility of the main parts of the sprinkler irrigation system during the irrigation season, they can be divided into fixed sprinkler irrigation systems, mobile sprinkler irrigation systems and semi-fixed sprinkler irrigation systems.